Thailand welcomes foreign investment, but several laws govern how much of a company foreigners may own and which sectors they can enter. Choosing the right structure from the outset lets you invest with confidence and stay fully compliant.
Common investment structures
Foreign investors have several options for entering the Thai market — each with distinct advantages and constraints.
1. Joint-venture limited company with Thai partners
The most common structure: Thai shareholders hold 51%+, in line with the Foreign Business Act.
2. BOI promotion
If your business falls within a promoted category, BOI offers significant incentives:
- Up to 13 years of corporate income tax exemption
- 100% foreign ownership allowed
- Land ownership rights for the promoted activity
- Work permits and visas for executives and specialists
3. Treaty of Amity (US investors)
Under the US–Thailand Treaty of Amity, US investors may hold 100% of nearly any business category.
Key points to watch
- Restricted and licensed activities — some sectors are listed under the Foreign Business Act and require a Foreign Business License (FBL) first.
- Nominee shareholding is illegal — using Thai nominees to bypass ownership limits carries fines and imprisonment.
- Land ownership — foreigners generally cannot own land, except where granted through BOI or specific laws.
📌 See more: business legal advisory
If you're planning to invest in Thailand and aren't sure which structure fits your business, talk to our team to choose the best fit before you start.